Response of Jamaica-bean-corn polyculture to three fertilization treatments in Villaflores, Chiapas, Mexico

Authors

  • Rosey Obet Ruiz González
  • Liberio Victorino Ramírez

Keywords:

associations, peasant, traditional agriculture, alternative crops

Abstract

Corn (Zeamays Linneo) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris Linneo) are the economic basis for covering the basic needs of rural families; however, they are no longer economically profitable due to various factors and family livelihood is put at risk. Alternative production is needed to improve the rural economy. The research was carried out during the spring-summer cycle from 1999 to 2000 in Villaflores, Chiapas, with the objective of evaluating the response of the hibiscus-bean-corn polyculture to three fertilization treatments (00-00-00, 60-60-60 and 120-60-60). The experimental design was randomized blocks with three fertilization treatments, seven crop patterns, and three repetitions, and vegetative and yield variables were evaluated in the three plant species. An ANOVA was performed with the data and the treatment means were compared using the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The best vegetative response of hibiscus was when associated with beans and corn with the 60-60-60 fertilization treatment, obtaining a greater quantity of: foliage (170 leaves/plant-1), branches (31 branches/plant-1), acorns (54 acorns/plant-1) and a higher yield of dry calyxes (698 kg/ha-1). Beans associated with corn without fertilization showed an increase in foliage (62 leaves/plant-1) and in monoculture with 60-60-60 fertilization had the best yield (1,565 kg/ha-1) of beans. Corn had the best vegetative response (18 leaves/plant-1) when associated with beans and 120-60-60 fertilization, and the best yield was when associated with beans and roselle (7,667 kgha-1). The best Equivalent Land Use was 3.31 in the roselle-bean-corn crop pattern. The analysis of the results indicates that roselle when associated with corn and beans represents an alternative biological and economic production to improve the economy of peasant families in Mexican soils that are acidified.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aquino, D. Y. y León, C. (1994). Efecto de la jamaica en enfermedades cardiovasculares. Conexión 4(8):7-9.

Contreras, G. J. A., Soto, J. R., y Huchin, A. C. (2009). Tecnología para el cultivo de jamaica (Hibiscussabdariffa L.) en Quintana Roo. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Centro de Investigación Regional Sureste. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México. Folleto técnico No. 3. pp: 4-6.

García, E. (1987). Modificación al Sistema de Clasificación Climática de Köppen. Instituto de geología. Universidad Autónoma de México. México. pp: 73-75.

Mead, R. y Willey, R. W. (1980). The concept of a land equivalent ratio and advantages in yields from intercropping.In: Methodol. Exp. Agric. pp: 217-228.

Larios, R. J. (1995). Cultivo de la jamaica. Agricultura para el productor diversificado. 55(9): 5-11.

Potash y Phosphate Institute of Canada y Foundation for Agronomic Research. (1998). Manual de fertilidad de los suelos. ThePotash y PhosphateInstitute. México. pp: 24-51.

Ramiro, V. M. A. (1999). México, proveedor de especies y plantas medicinales al mundo. El caso de una variedad de jamaica. Claridades agropec. 5(73):13-21.

Rosset, P. (2002). El hambre en el tercer mundo y la ingeniería genética: una tecnología apropiada. En: Helfrich, Silke. La vida en venta: transgénicos, patentes y biodiversidad. El Salvador. pp: 89-112.

Vandermeer, J. H. (1989). The Ecology of Intercropping.Cambridge University Press. Great Britain. pp: 1-20.

Published

2014-05-30

How to Cite

Ruiz González, R. O., & Victorino Ramírez, L. (2014). Response of Jamaica-bean-corn polyculture to three fertilization treatments in Villaflores, Chiapas, Mexico. Revista Ra Ximhai , 10(6 Especial), 45–53. Retrieved from https://raximhai.uaim.edu.mx/index.php/rx/article/view/716

Issue

Section

Artículos científicos