Aspectos asociados al diseño de envases inteligentes de alimentos y su relación con el medio ambiente: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.20.02.2024.08.gsPalabras clave:
envases inteligentes, diseño, industria de alimentos, biodegradableResumen
Los envases utilizados en alimentos tienen la capacidad de mejorar la calidad de los productos debido a que conservan y, comunican el valor y composición nutricional. Por otro lado, los envases inteligentes permiten optimizar su funcionalidad, mejorar la vida útil y abordar problemas de sostenibilidad. El objetivo de la revisión sistemática es analizar los aspectos asociados al diseño de envases inteligentes utilizados en la industria de alimentos y como se relaciona con la preservación del medio ambiente, a partir de la literatura científica en el período 2017-2023. Las fuentes de información se recopilaron en la base de datos Scopus a partir de la ecuación de búsqueda que contenía términos asociados a envases inteligentes, industria y medio ambiente. En la primera búsqueda se tuvo 4540 artículos, de los cuales mediante el método PRISMA se seleccionaron 55 artículos. Además, se encontró que más del 20% de los registros provenían de China, seguido de Italia y Brasil, incrementándose a partir del 2020, siendo los descriptores más frecuentes: “packaging materials” y “food packaging”. El 50% de artículos seleccionados abordan temas sobre los beneficios ambientales que tiene el diseño de los envases inteligentes como el uso de materiales reciclables y/o residuos agroindustriales. Además, los aspectos más relevantes a tener en cuenta durante el diseño son la biodegradabilidad, la compatibilidad con alimentos y el costo. En conclusión, el uso de tecnologías avanzadas y residuos orgánicos en la producción de envases mejora la calidad del producto y la experiencia del consumidor, asimismo promueve una gestión sostenible.
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