Empresarios migrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos

Autores/as

  • Eduardo Fernández Guzmán
  • Perla Shiomara del Carpio Ovando
  • Eloy Mosqueda Tapia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.09.03.e.2013.09.ef

Palabras clave:

empresarios migrantes, migración internacional, inversión migrante

Resumen

Se podría pensar que por definición el migrante se desempeña en los nichos laborales menos redituables y de exigua movilidad social. Sin embargo, un grupo nutrido de migrantes en diferentes países económicamente desarrollados han emprendido con éxito negocios de diversa naturaleza y volumen. Es por esto que el espíritu empresarial de los migrantes es un tema que ha merecido una creciente atención en los últimos años. Comparados con otros grupos de inmigrantes en Estados Unidos, los mexicanos muestran bajos índices de actividad empresarial. El objetivo del presente trabajo es hacer, a través de una revisión bibliográfica general y de datos estadísticos oficiales, un análisis preliminar del empresariado migrante mexicano en Estados Unidos, que vale decir en los últimos años ha venido creciendo en importancia.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

• Albo, Adolfo y Juan Luis Ordaz Díaz, “Migración mexicana altamente calificada a EEUU y transferencia de México a Estados Unidos a través del gasto en la educación de los migrantes”, México, BBVA/Research, Documento de Trabajo, agosto 2011.

• Ariza, M., Portes, A. (2007). El país transnacional. Migración mexicana y cambio social a través de la frontera, México, UNAM-Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales.

• Assudani, R.H., “Ethnic entrepreneurship: The distinct role of ties”, Journal

of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2009, pp197-206.

• Azmat, Fara, “Exploring social responsibility of immigrant entrepreneurs: Do home country contextual factors play a role?” European Management Journal, Vol. 28, 2010, pp.337-386.

• BBVA/Research. (2012). Análisis Económico. Flash Migración México. Disponible en http://www.bbvaresearch.com/KETD/fbin/mult/120625_ FlashMigracionMexico_13_tem346-335641.pdf?ts=2662012

• Basu, A., (1998), “An exploration of entrepreneurial activity among Asian small businesses in Britain”, Small Business Economics, Vol.10, No.4, pp.313-326.

• Bogan, Vicki y William Darity Jr. (2008), “Culture and entrepreneurship? African American and immigrant self-employment in the United States”, The Journal of Socio-Economics, Vol. 37, pp. 1999-2019.

• Borjas, G.J., (1986), “The Self-employment experience of immigrants”, The Journal of Human Resources, Vol.21, pp. 485-506.

• Borjas, G.J., Katz, L.F. (2005). The Evolution of the Mexican-Born Workforce in the United States, Working Paper 11281. Disponible en http://www. nber.org/papers/w11281

• Borooah, V.K., y K. Hart, (1999), “Factors affecting self-employment among Indian and Black Caribbean men in Britain”, Small Business Economics, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 111-129.

• Bovenkerk, Frank y Loes Ruland, (1992) “Artisan Entrepreneurs: Two Centuries of Italian Immigration to the Netherlands”, International Migration Review, Vol. 22, No.3, pp.927-939.

• Cambio Climático, Degradación Ambiental y Migración, (2012), Suiza,

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM).

• Castles, Sthephen, y Mark J. Miller, (2004), La era de la migración.

Movimientos internacionales de población en el mundo moderno, México, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas-Miguel Ángel Porrúa.

• Cavusgil, Tamer, Dilek Zamantili Nayir, Gerd-Michael Hellstern, (editorial), (2011), “International Ethnic entrepreneurship”, International Business Review, Vol.20, pp. 591-592.

• Cervantes, J.A. (2011). Remesas familiares y migración a Estados Unidos,

México, Centro de Estudios Monetarios Latinoamericanos, Documento de Trabajo.

• Chand, Masud y Majid Ghorbani, (2011), “National culture, networks and ethnic entrepreneurship: A comparison of the Indian and Chinese immigrants in the US”, International Business Review, Vol. 20, pp. 593-606.

• Chung Kim, Kwang y Won Mo Hurt, (1985) “Ethnic Resourses Utilization of Korean Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the Chicago Minority Area”, International Migration Review, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp.82-111.

• CONAPO. (2010). Índices de Intensidad Migratoria México-Estados Unidos.

Disponible en http://www.conapo.gob.mx/publicaciones/intensidad_ migratoria/texto/Migracion_Mex_EU.pdf

• Constant, Amelie, Yochanan Shachmurove y Klaus F. Zimmermann, (2007)“What Makes an Entrepreneur and Does it Pay? Native Men, Turks, and Other Migrants in Germany”, International Migration, Vol.45, No.4, pp.71-100.

• Dai, Ou y Xiaohui Liu, (2009), “Returnee entrepreneurs and firm performance in Chinese high-technology industries”, International Business Review, Vol.18, pp.373-386.

• Dai, Fu, Karen Yuan Wang y Stephen T.T. Teo, (2011), “Chinese immigrants in network marketing business in Western host country context”, International Business Review, Vol.20, pp.659-669.

• Diaz, Mc Connell Eileen, (2008), “The U.S. Destinations of Contemporany Mexican Immigrants”, International Migration Review, Vol. 42, No.4, pp. 767-802.

• Fairchild, Gregory B. (2010), “Intergenerational ethnic enclave influences on the likelihood of being self-employed”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol.25, pp.290-304.

• Fairlie, Robert W. y Alicia M. Robb, (2007), “Why Are Black-Owned Businesses Less Successful than White-Owned Businesses? The Role of Families, Inheritances, and Business Human Capital”, Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 25, No.2, pp. 289-323.

• Fairlie, Robert W., y Christopher Woodruff, (2007), “Mexican Entrepreneurship: A Comparison of Self-Employment in Mexico and the United States”. http://www.nber.org/chapters/c0100

• Georgarakos, Dimitris y Konstantinos Tatsiramos, (2009), “Entrepreneurship and survival dynamics of immigrants to the U.S. and their descendants”, Labour Economics, Vol.16, pp.161-170.

• Gonzalez-Gonzalez, José María, Francisco D. Bretones, Victoria Zarco y Andrés Rodriguez, (2011), “Women, immigrationand entrepreneurship in Spain: A confluence of debates in the face of a complex reality”, Women´s Studies International Forum, Vol.34, pp.360-370.

• Homeland Security (U.S. Naturalizations: 2011). http://www.dhs.gov/ xlibrary/assets/statistics/publications/natz_fr_2011.pdf

• Ibrahim, Gamal y Vaughan Galt, (2011), “Explaising ethnic entrepreneurship: An evolutionary economics approach”, International Business Review, Vol.20, pp.607-613.

• Ilhan-Nas, Tulay, Kader Sahin y Zuhal Cilingir, (2011), “International ethnic entrepreneurship: Antecedents, outcomes and environmental context”, International Business Review, Vol.20, pp. 614-624.

• INEGI. Disponible en http://www.inegi.org.mx

• IOM, (2012). International Organization for Migration. Disponible en http:// www.iom.int/jahia/jahia/factors-and-figures/lang/es

• Kauffman Foundation (2009). Kauffman Index of entrepreneurial activity.

http://www.kauffman.org/uploadedFiles/kiea_042709.pdf

• Kesler, Christel y Michael Hout, (2010), “Entrepreneurship and immigrant wages in US labor markets: A multi-level approach”, Social Science Research, Vol.29, pp.187-201.

• Ley, David, (2003), “Seeking Homo Economicus: The Canadian State and the Strange Story of the Business Immigration Program”, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 93, No. 2, pp.426-441.

• Li, P.S., (2001), “Immigrants propensity to self-employment: evidence from Canada”, International Migration Review, Vol.35, No.4, pp.1106-1128.

• Light, Ivan, (2002), “Immigrant Place Entrepreneurs in Los Angeles, 1970- 99”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol.26, No.2, pp.215-228.

• McLeman, Robert, (2012), Climate change, migration and critical international security considerations, Suiza. International Organization for Migration/Migration Research Series.

• Nijkamp, Peter, Mediha Sahin y Tüzin Baycan-Levent, (2009), “Migrant Entrepreneurship and New Urban Economic Opportunities: Identification of Critical Success Factors by Means of Qualitative Pattern Recognition Analysis”, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol.00, No.0, pp.000-000.

• Pew Hispanic Center. Disponible en http://www.pewhispanic.org

• Pio, Edwina, (2007), “Ethnic Entrepreneurship among Indian Women in New Zealand: A Bitters-weet Process”, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol.14, No.5, pp.409-432.

• Portes, Alejandro, Luis Eduardo Guarnizo y William J. Haller, (2002), “Transnational Entrepreneurs: An Alternative Form of Imigrant Economic Adaptation”, American Sociological Review, Vol.67, No.2, pp.278-298.

• Portes, A., y M. Zhou, (1996), “Self-employment and the earnings of immigrants”, American Sociological Review, Vol. 61, pp.219-230.

• Raijman, Rebeca, (2001), “Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions: Mexican immigrants in Chicago”, Journal of Socio-Economics, Vol.30, No.5, pp.393-411.

• Riddle, Liesl y Jennifer Brinkerhoff, (2011), “Diaspora entrepreneurs as institutional change agents: The case of Thamel.com”, International Business Review, Vol.20, pp.670-680.

• Riddle, Liesl, George A. Hrivnak, Tjai M. Nielsen, (2010), “Transnational Diaspora entrepreneurship in emerging markets: Bridging institutional divides”, Journal of International Management, Vol. 16, pp.398-411.

• Robles, Bárbara J., y Héctor Cordero-Guzmán,(2007), “Latino Self- Employment and Entrepreneurship in the United States: An Overview of Literature and Data Sources”, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 613, No.1, pp.18-31.

• Shinnar, Rachel S., et-al, (2009), “Immigrant and US-Born Mexican-Owned Businesses: Motivations and Management”, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Vol.14, No.3, pp.273-295.

• Taylor, Paul S., (1930), “Some Aspects of Mexican Immigration”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 38, No. 5, 1930, pp.609-615.

• Vinogradov, Evgueni y Lars Kolvereid, (2010), “Home country national intelligence and self-employment rates among immigrants in Norway”, Intelligence, Vol.38, pp.151-159.

• Yang, Chulguen, Stephen M. Colarelli, Kyunghee Han, Robert Page, (2011), “Start-up and hiring practices of immigrant entrepreneurs: An empirical study from an evolutionary psychological perspective”, International Business Review, Vol.20, pp.636-645.

• Yuengert, M.A., (1995), “Testing hypotheses of immigrant self-employment”,

Journal of Human Recourses, Vol.30, No.1, pp.194-204.

Descargas

Publicado

31-12-2013

Cómo citar

Fernández Guzmán, E., del Carpio Ovando, P. S., & Mosqueda Tapia, E. (2013). Empresarios migrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos. Revista Ra Ximhai , 9(3 Especial), 181–208. https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.09.03.e.2013.09.ef

Número

Sección

Artículos científicos