Pollen movement between native maize species in Yucatan and maintenance of genetic diversity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35197/rx.08.03.e1.2012.05.jcKeywords:
genic fluid, cornfield, crossbreeding, wind, grain, cobAbstract
In Yucatan, Mexico, the cultivation of different native maize populations in the milpa system favors pollen exchange. To evaluate the relationship between pollen flow and genetic diversity dynamics in 2005 and 2006, a white and a yellow population of the Xmejen-nal and Xnuc-nal types were associated with squash. The yellow variety was planted around the white variety. 540 ears were harvested in 8 directions, from the periphery to the center. The percentage of yellow grain in the white variety was used as an indicator of the outcrossing rate. Simple regression analyses were performed for each direction between the distance and the percentage of yellow grains. The highest outcrossing percentages in the Xmejen-nal (44%) and Xnuc-nal (42%) types were obtained in the northeast-southwest direction in 2005; and southeast-northwest direction in Xmejen-nal (37%) and Xnuc-nal (41%) in 2006. The direction and intensity of the prevailing wind determined the pollen trajectories and the outcrossing rate decreased with distance to the pollen source. Genetic exchange is promoted by management and distribution of genotypes in time and space, and gene flow between populations promotes intrapopulation diversity.
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Copyright (c) 2012 Jaime Canul Ku, Porfirio Ramírez Vallejo, Fernando Castillo González, José Luis Chávez Servia, Manuel Livera Muñoz, Luis Manuel Arias Reyes
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